Why Singapore Is No.1
In Economic Freedom
为什么新加坡的经济自由度全球第一?
Singapore (SG) has long been hailed as a model of economic success. Thanks to its low taxes, business-friendly regulations, and commitment to free trade, the city-state has consistently ranked among the world’s most competitive economies.
长期以来,新加坡 (SG) 一直被誉为经济成功的典范。由于其税收低、商业友好型法规以及致力于发展自由贸易,新加坡一直跻身全球最具竞争力的经济体之列。
While SG’s high level of economic freedom is often cited as a key driver of its success, critics point out that the city-state’s government exercises a great deal of control over the economy. SG’s leaders have defended their policies, arguing that they are necessary to maintain the country’s competitiveness. SG is consistently ranked as one of the world’s most free economies. Currently, according to the 2022 Heritage.org Index of Economic freedom the country ranks #1 in the world.
虽然新加坡高度的经济自由度通常被认为是其经济腾飞的关键驱动力,但批评人士指出,新加坡这一城邦国家政府对经济实施了严格管控。新加坡领导人为他们的政策辩护,认为管控经济是保持国家竞争力的必需措施。新加坡一直被评为世界上最自由的经济体之一。目前,根据美国传统基金会发布的2022年《经济自由度指数》, 新加坡位居世界第一。
01
For starters, SG has no foreign debt and a very low tax burden. The corporate tax rate is only 17%, and the top marginal income tax rate is only 22%. There are also no capital gains taxes or estate taxes. The country has never failed to embrace globalization, free market capitalism, education, and pragmatic promises making it a leader in global commerce.
首先,新加坡没有外债,税负也很低。公司税率仅为17%,最高边际所得税率仅为22%,也没有资本利得税或遗产税。新加坡从未停止拥抱全球化、自由市场资本主义、教育和务实向上的承诺,因此一跃成为全球商业的领导者。
The country also boasts the second-largest foreign reserves, amounting to over $1 trillion USD. SG’s economic freedom scoreis at a high of 84.4. Its overall score has increased by 1.3 in just the past 2 years, giving it the #1 position as of 2022.
新加坡还拥有第二大外汇储备,总额超过 1 万亿美元。新加坡的经济自由度得分高达 84.4。它的总分在过去两年里增加了 1.3,因此在 2022 年排名世界第一。
Impressively, this successful economy comes from a country with no natural resources. SG also has a very simple and efficient regulatory environment. Starting a business takes an average of only 2 days, and the process is very straightforward. Getting a construction permit takes an average of just 26 days. SG also ranks highly in property rights and investor protection.
令人赞叹的是,这个成功的经济体却是一个没有自然资源的国家。新加坡的市场监管环境非常简单高效。创业平均只需2天,过程非常简单。获得施工许可证平均只需 26 天。新加坡在产权和投资者保护方面也名列前茅。
02
GDP
国内生产总值
The Gross Domestic Product of the country stands at 340 Billion USD. The 5-year annual growth is 1.5% capital with a per capita income of $97,057, making it the 4th highest per capita income in the world. Being the United States’ 15th most largest Trading Partner, SG also has a very open economy. It is one of the world’s top exporters of goods and services, with the highest foreign investments.
新加坡的国内生产总值达到 3400 亿美元。5年年均增长率为1.5%,人均收入97,057美元,人均收入居世界第四位。作为美国第 15 大贸易伙伴,新加坡的经济也非常开放。它是世界上最大的商品和服务出口国之一,其中外国投资最多。
2022 FORECAST
2022年度预测
The SG economy grew by 3.7 percent on a year-on-year basis in the first quarter of this year, moderating from the 6.1 percent expansion in the previous quarter. On a quarter-on-quarter seasonally-adjusted basis, the economy expanded by 0.7 percent, slower than the 2.3 percent growth in the fourth quarter of 2021 according to the Ministry of Trade (SG). The SG economy is forecast to grow by 3.5% in 2022, according to the latest report by the Economic Development Board (EDB).
今年第一季度,新加坡经济同比增长 3.7%,低于上一季度 6.1% 的增幅。根据新加坡贸易部的数据,经季节性因素调整后的季度环比,经济增长了 0.7%,低于 2021 年第四季度 2.3% 的增长率。根据经济发展局 (EDB) 的最新报告,新加坡经济预计 2022 年将增长 3.5%。
This is in line with the government’s target of achieving a sustainable economic growth of 3-5% per year. The EDB attributes the projected growth to strong global demand for SG’s exports, as well as continued domestic spending. Investment in research and development is also expected to contribute to the economy’s expansion. These factors will offset any negative impact from the ongoing trade dispute between the United States and China. Overall, the outlook for the SG economy is positive, and the country is well-positioned to continue its tradition of strong economic growth in the years ahead.
这符合政府实现每年 3-5% 的可持续经济增长的目标。经济发展局将预期的增长归因于全球对新加坡出口的强劲需求以及持续的国内支出。预计研发投资也将有助于经济的增长。这些因素将抵消美国和中国之间持续的贸易争端带来的任何负面影响。总体而言,新加坡经济前景乐观,该国有能力在未来几年延续其经济强劲增长的势头。
BUSINESS INVESTMENT
商业投资
SG is a popular destination for business investment, due in part to its favorable tax regime and pro-business policies. However, the country does have some limitations on foreign ownership, particularly in certain sectors such as banking, media, and healthcare. In addition, there are caps on how much foreign ownership is allowed in the country’s businesses. These restrictions are meant to safeguard the country’s economy and ensure that businesses maintain a majority stake.
新加坡是商业投资的热门国家,部分原因在于其优惠的税收制度和亲商政策。然而,新加坡也确实对外国所有权有一些限制,特别是在银行、媒体和医疗保健等某些领域。此外新加坡基金会公司排名,该国企业允许的外资所有权数量也有上限。这些限制旨在保护国家经济并确保企业保持多数股权。
SG only allows foreign ownership of up to 49% in most industries, and 100% foreign ownership is only allowed in a few specific cases. In addition, SG imposes strict controls on the sale of property to foreigners. However, the Judicial government is still very reliable, as it ranks #4 with a score of 84 on Transparency International’s 2021 Corruption Perception Index, making the anti-corruption agency extremely effective in lowering corruption.
新加坡只允许外资在大多数行业拥有最多 49% 的所有权,并且仅在少数特定情况下允许 100% 的外资所有权。此外,新加坡对向外国人出售财产实行严格控制。然而,司法政府仍然非常可靠,因为它在国际透明组织发布的 2021 年全球清廉指数中以 84 分排名全球第四,反腐败机构非常有效地减少了腐败。
03
FDI ECONOMY
外商直接投资经济
The Singaporean economy is built on the principle of free and fair competition, and this is reflected in its strong FDI inflows. In recent years, SG has consistently ranked among the top destinations for foreign direct investment, with an FDI inflow of $90.6 Billion USD. This favorable investment climate is due in large part to the Singaporean government’s commitment to providing a level playing field for all investors, regardless of nationality. As of 2019, Singapore had 14 preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in force.
新加坡经济建立在自由和公平竞争的原则之上,这反映在其强劲的外国直接投资流入中。近年来,新加坡一直位居外国直接投资的首选目的地之列,外国直接投资流入量为 906 亿美元。 这种有利的投资环境在很大程度上归功于新加坡政府承诺为所有投资者提供公平的竞争环境,无论其拥有何种国籍。截至 2019 年,新加坡已有 14 项优惠贸易协定 (PTA) 生效。
These PTAs cover a range of issues such as customs procedures, market access for goods and services, investment, intellectual property, and dispute settlement. The trade-weighted average tariff rate for SG is 0.0 percent, and there are 182 non-tariff measures (NTMs) in effect. NTMs are broadly defined as any measures other than tariffs that can potentially have an impact on trade flows. They include import and export licensing requirements, quotas, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, and local content requirements. Taken together, PTAs and NTMs provide a framework within which SG can pursue its economic objectives while ensuring a level playing field for all traders.
这些优惠贸易协定涵盖一系列问题,例如海关程序、商品和服务的市场准入、投资、知识产权和争端解决。新加坡的贸易加权平均关税税率为 0.0%新加坡基金会公司排名,有 182 项非关税措施 (NTM) 生效。非关税措施被广泛定义为除关税之外可能对贸易流动产生影响的任何措施。它们包括进出口许可要求、配额、卫生和植物检疫措施、贸易技术壁垒和当地含量要求。综合起来,优惠贸易协定和非关税措施提供了一个框架,新加坡可以在该框架内追求其经济目标,同时确保为所有贸易商提供公平的竞争环境。
All of these factors combine to make SG an excellent place to do business. SG’s economic success is a model for other countries to follow. The country has proven that it is possible to have a thriving economy while also respecting individual rights and freedoms. As SG looks to the future, it will need to strike a balance between maintaining its status as an attractive destination for business and ensuring that its citizens enjoy a high standard of living. With its commitment to free trade and open markets, SG is well-positioned to continue its economic success in the years ahead.
所有这些因素结合在一起,使得新加坡成为开展业务的首选之地。新加坡经济的成功是其他国家效仿的榜样。该国已经证明,在尊重个人权利和自由的同时可以拥有繁荣的经济。展望未来,新加坡需要在保持其作为具有吸引力的商业目的地的地位与确保其公民享受高标准生活之间取得平衡。通过致力于发展自由贸易和开放市场,新加坡有能力在未来几年让经济持续腾飞。
So, there you have it. Singapore is economically free because it has a low tax burden, a simple and efficient regulatory environment, an open economy, and a skilled workforce. If you’re looking for a country that is economically free, Singapore is the place to be!
所以,现在您明白了。新加坡在经济上是自由的,因为它的税负低、监管环境简单高效、经济开放同时拥有高技能劳动力人才。如果您正在寻找一个经济自由的国家,那么新加坡就是您要去的地方!
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